At his online science salon Edge.org, John Brockman asked: What scientific concept would improve everybody’s cognitive toolkit? He packed 150 answers from Steven Pinker, Richard Dawkins, and other leading thinkers into “This Will Make You Smarter: New Scientific Concepts to Improve Your Thinking.’’ What’s great about it is that in two to four pages a reader can learn a new concept, such as the Pareto Principle (the inevitable tendency for wealth and a variety of other things to be distributed not like a bell curve but in the winner-take-all fashion that Occupy Wall Street rails against).