BERLIN — Unemployment in the eurozone rose to a record in November, according to data released Tuesday that also showed that troubles in the 17-nation currency bloc are straining Germany, its strongest member.

The jobless rate was 11.8 percent, up from 11.7 percent in October, according to Eurostat, the European Union’s statistics agency. Eurostat estimated that 18.8 million people in the eurozone were unemployed in November — 2 million more than a year earlier.