NEW DELHI — The judicial panel set up following protests after the gang rape of a young woman on a bus in the Indian capital submitted its report Wednesday, castigating politicians, police, and the army for failing to protect women and children, and calling for far-reaching changes in the way the country is governed.

The three-member panel was established to assuage national outrage over the gang rape and murder of a 23-year-old student last month, but did not bow to public pressure to propose the death penalty for rapists or lowering the age at which young offenders can be tried. The lawyer for one of the accused rapists in the New Delhi case says his client was 17.