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Egyptian officials defend new antiprotest law

Government says measure will restore stability

CAIRO — Egyptian government officials defended a new law Monday that sharply restricts the right to protest as needed to bring security, trying to counter a storm of criticism from allies and opponents alike who say the rules stifle freedom of expression and endanger the country's democratic transition.

The law, issued by the interim president a day earlier, bans public gatherings of more than 10 people without prior government approval, imposing hefty fines and prison terms for violators. It also empowered security agencies to use force to break up protests.

The protest law has caused cracks in the loose coalition of secular and non-Islamist groups that rallied behind the military-backed government installed after the ouster of President Mohammed Morsi in July.

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Morsi supporters have been holding constant protests since his fall, often descending into bloody clashes amid a rising wave of violence.

But opponents of the new law, including among those who have backed the government, say it will silence all critics — and that it goes against the spirit of the protest movements that ousted autocrat Hosni Mubarak in 2011 and rose up against Morsi, paving the way for the coup that removed the Islamist president.

The government portrays it as a measure to restore security and stability and help the country's economy — arguments that have strong resonance with an Egyptian public weary with violence.

''There will be no economy without security and a stable political environment now and in the future,'' interim Prime Minister Hazem el-Beblawi said at a government meeting in which the law was discussed, according to the state news agency.

He said some in the opposition aim to create ''confusion and sow mistrust between the authorities and the public.''

Egypt's powerful military chief, the man who removed Morsi, weighed in as well, urging political factions and the media to support the transition process and line up behind a push to restore security — though he did not specifically mention the law.

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Political groups should drop ''criteria and considerations that don't fit the reality Egypt is living and the challenges it faces,'' General Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi said, pointing to security threats, including the increasing militant attacks in the Sinai Peninsula.

''The political, economic, and social challenges Egypt faces need effort and will and a correct understanding of the requirements of this phase,'' Sissi said at a meeting of officers, according to MENA, the state news agency.

He said a number of measures underway will ''correct the democratic path and establish a regime that pleases all Egyptians.'' It was an apparent reference to the new protest law and a drive to finish amending the constitution.

In the latest violence, attackers on a motorcycle threw a grenade at a police checkpoint near a historic royal palace in Cairo, wounding at least one guard, according to MENA.

Interior Minister Mohammed Ibrahim, in charge of police, insisted that the protest law does not undermine the right to peaceful expression, as he met with top security officers on how to implement it, starting Monday.

''The law grants the right to organize public gatherings, convoys, and peaceful protests, and to join them, in accordance with the law,'' Ibrahim said, according to MENA.

Among the restrictions, however, would-be protesters must seek a permit for their gathering three days in advance, which security officials can turn down with little explanation, requiring the applicants to turn to the courts to appeal.

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Rights groups, secular political parties, and activists, who had lobbied against protest law, said that despite an initial uproar over an earlier draft of the law, the final version had only small changes.

''It gives a legal cover to repression,'' said the Popular Current, a group led by leftist politician Hamdeen Sabahy, who had backed the removal of Morsi.

The group said the law ''is not befitting for a country that had two revolts in two years mainly against repression.''